A beneficial homologous chromosome applies to certainly a pair of chromosomes with similar gene succession, loci, chromosomal duration, and you can centromere location. A beneficial homologous couple include you to definitely paternal and one maternal chromosome. Inside the individuals, you will find all in all, 46 chromosomes on nucleus out-of good somatic cell. Half her or him (twenty-two autosomes + X or Y chromosome) try inherited on dad together with partner (twenty-two autosomes + X chromosome), from the mom. Per maternal chromosome has a corresponding paternal chromosome; they couple right up through the meiosis. Typically, a lady can get 23 homologous chromosomes whereas a masculine will provides 22. Brand new combining up out-of homologous chromosomes throughout meiosis is essential in order to offer hereditary version. By the genetic recombination that takes place anywhere between homologous pairs on meiosis, the new ensuing haploid gametes include chromosomes which can be naturally unlike each other. So it amplifies gene pool, thereby, raising the chances of obtaining genes necessary to physiological physical fitness and you will emergency.
Homologous chromosome definition
Within the biology, homologous chromosomes is coordinated chromosomes. They generally have a similar gene succession, loci (gene standing), centromere location, and you may chromosomal duration. Even though they elizabeth genetic succession and you will loci, they might differ into the alleles. Brand new homologous few is composed of a beneficial paternal chromosome and good maternal chromosome. This type of chromosomes partners upwards during meiosis but not throughout mitosis.
Etymology
The word homologous came from Greek homologos, meaning “agreeing” otherwise “of one notice”.